『親になる移行期の父親らしさ』尺度の作成と信頼性・妥当性の検討

Creation a Scale of Father Identity in the Transition Period and Examining Its Reliability and Validity

要旨

目的：『親になる移行期の父親らしさ』尺度を作成し，その信頼性・妥当性を検証することである．

方法：尺度の開発は，先行文献から37項目を抽出し，内容妥当性と表面妥当性を検討した．本調査は，2016年1月〜3月の期間に近畿圏6か所の病院で出産した妻の夫372名へ質問紙調査を実施し，データの項目分析および尺度の信頼性と妥当性を検討した．

結果：検討の結果，21項目3因子の尺度を完成した．尺度のクロンバックα係数は.908と高い信頼係数であり，再テスト法では級内相関係数がr = .846（P < .01）と強い関連を認めた．また既存グループ法において，子ども数が1人と複数の夫との間（P = .00）と，立ち会い出産が初めてと複数回の夫との間（P = .03）に有意差を認めた．因子分析により抽出された3因子は，「子どもの存在から沸き立つ思い」「父親意識の高まり」「妻への思い」であった．

結論：本尺度は3つの因子から構成され，信頼性と妥当性が確認された．

Purpose: Creating a scale of father identity in the transition period and verifying its reliability and validity.

Method: To develop the scale, the researchers extracted 37 items from existing literature and examined the appropriateness of their content and face validity. A questionnaire survey was conducted of husbands whose wives delivered babies at 6 designated hospitals in the Kinki Area from January to March of 2016, and these items were analyzed together with the data to examine the scale's reliability and validity.

Results: After examining the results, the researchers completed a scale with 21 items and 3 factors. The scale's Cronbach's coefficient alpha was 0.908, which gives it a high credibility factor. In the re-test method, it showed a strong relationship with an interclass correlation coefficient of r = 0.846 (P < 0.01). Additionally, with the existing group method, there were significant differences between husbands with one child and those with multiple children (P = 0.00, P < 0.01) and between husbands who were attending childbirth for the first time and those who had attended multiple times (P = 0.03, P < 0.05). The 3 factors extracted by the factor analysis were “a rush of emotion coming from the existence of a child/children,” “the upwelling consciousness of being a father” and “concerns for the wife”.

Conclusion: This scale is comprised of 3 factors and the researchers confirmed its reliability and validity.