高齢者講習受講者の運転能力の過大評価

Overestimation of Driving Ability of Older Drivers in a Japanese Driver's License Renewal Course

要旨

　目的：70歳以上の高齢者講習受講者を対象に，運転能力の自己評価と客観的運転評価とを比較し，自身の運転能力を過大評価する者の特徴を明らかにすること，高齢運転者は免許更新時の実車指導を理解し納得しているかを検討することを目的とした．

　方法：大分県運転免許センターにて無記名自記式質問紙調査を実施した．質問紙と実車指導の結果から自己評価と客観的運転評価を比較し，過大評価傾向を従属変数とした順序ロジスティック解析を実施した．

　結果：有効回答105件（30.4％）を分析した．運転能力の自己評価と客観的運転評価とを比較した結果，5％が自身の運転能力を過大評価しており，過大評価をする者は，「年齢」が高いこと，「危険運転チェック」が低いことが示された．

　結論：運転能力を過大評価する者に対し，免許センターの看護職は，安全ゆとり運転の実行や具体的な運転断念の目安を提示する等の指導を予防的に行う必要がある．

　Purpose: This study compared the actual and self-perceived driving ability of older drivers, examined the characteristics of those who overestimated their own driving ability and considered whether older drivers understand and agree with in-vehicle instruction in courses.

　Methods: A self-administered, anonymous questionnaire was administered to license renewal applicants aged 70 and over at Oita Driver's License Center. The questionnaire results and invehicle instruction results were used to analyze the discrepancy between their actual and selfperceived driving ability, and an ordinal logistic analysis was performed with overestimation as the dependent variable.

　Results: We analyzed 105 valid responses(30.4%) and found that the 5% who overestimated their actual driving ability in comparison to their self-perceived driving ability were higher in "age" and had a lower "risky driving score".

　Conclusion: The results show the necessity of providing individual support to older drivers who overestimate their driving ability when they renew their driver's license by such measures as offering them specific guidelines for giving up driving.