Domestic Violence被害妊産婦への看護職の関わり

Nurses' Involvement With Pregnant and Postpartum Women Suffering From Domestic Violence

要旨

　目的：産科にてDomestic Violence（DV）スクリーニングと陽性者への支援に組織的に取り組む施設と取り組んでいない施設の看護職のDV被害妊産婦への関わりを明らかにする．

　方法：質的記述的研究デザイン．DVについて尋ねた，または告白された経験をもつ看護職に半構造化面接を行い，得られたデータを内容分析した．

　結果：組織的に取り組む施設に勤務または勤務経験をもつ看護職は，組織の基本的ルールに従うか経験を生かして安全安心な環境を作り，暴力による影響を理解して寄り添い，直接暴力の状況を確認し，女性の力の回復を目指した個別支援を行っていた．組織的取り組みがなくDVの学習歴が少ない看護職は，看護の基本的対応のみ行い，直接暴力について聞かずに関わり続け，個別支援は不明確であった．

　結論：DV対応に組織的取り組みは必須であり，看護職への暴力・トラウマに関する継続教育が必要である．

　Aim: To identify nurses' involvement with pregnant women who are victims of domestic violence(DV) in obstetric facilities that have organized efforts to screen and support victims of DV and those that do not.

　Methods: This qualitative descriptive study conducted semi-structured interviews with nurses who had asked about DV or had heard about disclosure statements by women. The collected data were then analyzed.

　Results: Nurses who were working or had worked in institutions with organizational efforts followed the basic rules of the organization or used their experience to create a safe and secure environment. They understood the impact of violence and the associated feelings. They also directly identified the situation of violence and provided individualized support aimed at restoring women's power. Conversely, nurses with little experience in learning about DV who had worked in institutions without organizational efforts provided only basic nursing responses, continued to be involved without directly asking about the violence, and were unclear about individual support.

　Conclusion: Organizational efforts and continuing education of nurses on violence and trauma are essential in responding to DV.