病院における新型コロナウイルス感染症患者受け入れ体制の構築・運用プロセス—看護師長の視点から

Process Underlying the Creation and Operation of a Hospital Admission System for Patients with COVID-19 from the Viewpoint of Nurse Managers

要旨

　目的：看護師長の視点で，病院における新型コロナウイルス感染症（以下，COVID-19）患者受け入れ体制の構築・運用プロセスを明らかにすることである．

　方法：九州地方にあるCOVID-19患者を受け入れた病院に所属し，患者受け入れ体制の構築・運用に携わった，看護師長8名に半構成的面接を実施し，得られたデータを質的記述的に分析した．

　結果：COVID-19感染流行期・第1波の際，看護師長は，病院の方針を受けて〔自部署での患者受け入れを受諾〕し，〔急ピッチでの患者受け入れ体制作り〕をした．第1波の沈静後は，〔COVID-19患者に提供する治療・看護の安定化〕を図り，第2波到来から2021年1月にかけて，〔感染再拡大から長期化への対応〕をしていた．

　結論：今後の新興感染症流行時の医療提供体制の構築・運用に向けての示唆が得られた．

　Purpose: This study aimed to clarify the process underlying the creation and operation of a hospital admission system for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from the perspective of nurse managers.

　Methods: This qualitative descriptive study was conducted with eight nurse managers who were involved with the creation and operation of a hospital admission system for patients with COVID-19 in Kyushu region. Data were obtained through individual semi-structured interviews and then subjected to descriptive analysis.

　Results: The admission system involved the following phases. During the first wave of the pandemic, (1) nurse managers decided to accept patients with COVID-19 in their own department, and (2) the nurse managers quickly created a COVID-19 patient admission system, (3) the hospital introduced a stabilized treatment and nursing system for patients with COVID-19, and (4) nurse managers struggled with the operation of a hospital admission system for patients with COVID-19 and coping with re-expansion and prolongation of infection.

　Conclusion: These results provide insight into the process underlying the creation and operation of a hospital admission system for patients with COVID-19, and could help to facilitate the introduction of similar systems for emerging infectious diseases in the future.