急性腹症：総論

Selection of appropriate imaging examination and 3-step reading for acute abdomen

急性腹症は，「急性腹症診療ガイドライン2015」^1）において，“発症1週間以内の急性発症で，手術などの迅速な対応が必要な腹部（胸部なども含む）疾患” と定義されており，進行する病態に対する迅速かつ正確な診断，またそれに基づく適切な治療が要求される。

Imaging examinations play a major role in the diagnosis of acute abdomen. Especially, Computed Tomography（CT）can indicate all patients with acute abdomen. When CT is performed, we must consider the advantages for diagnosis of a suspected disease and the disadvantages such as radiation exposure and adverse effects caused by contrast media. In some cases, ultrasonography or Magnetic Resonance Imaging（MRI）may be more useful than CT for diagnosis and they should be taken into account. Three-step reading is recommended to prevent overlooking abnormal image findings. The first step is to search for suspected diseases based on clinical information. The second step is to search for urgent and/or fatal conditions. The final step is to systematically observe every organ in the imaging area, pick up abnormal findings, and make a diagnosis. It is necessary for radiologists to closely communicate with emergency physicians to achieve a rapid and correct image diagnosis.