バビンスキー—神経症候学への貢献

Joseph Babinski's Contribution to Neurological Symptomatology

バビンスキーはすぐれた臨床家で，彼についてはアンドレ ブルトンの興味ある記載がある。彼はバビンスキー反射で有名であるが，持続性バビンスキー徴候には気づいていなかった。彼の小脳症候学への貢献は膨大で，小脳性アシネルジー，ディアドコシネジー，測定異常，小脳性カタレプシー，偏奇歩行試験などを含む。ほかに起き上がり試験，広頸筋徴候，病態失認なども彼の記載に始まる。これらの徴候について概観し，それぞれに私見を述べた。

Abstract

Joseph Babinski (1857-1932) was an excellent clinician. André Breton, a French poet, described Babinski's way of clinical examination in his Manifeste du surréalisme (1924), which vividly revealed Babinski's meticulous character. Babinski is well known by his eponymous Babinski reflex. Although some predecessors had described this phenomenon briefly, its meaning was interpreted by Babinski. His contribution to neurological symptomatology was not restricted to his plantar skin reflex, but also to other wide area. In this article, symptoms described by Babinski, i.e. plantar skin reflex, cerebellar symptoms including cerebellar asynergy, adiadochokinesis, dysmetria, cerebellar catalepsy, and rising sign, platysma sign, anosognosia are explained and are critically discussed.