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Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy mimicking Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease at initial presentation: a case report Kenji Miyao 1 , Masaya Imazeki 1 , Tomoyuki Oyama 1 , Masaru Takeuchi 1 1Department of Ophthalmology, National Defense Medical College pp.1001-1009
Published Date 2026/8/15
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.037055790800081001

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Abstract Purpose:To report a unilateral case of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy(APMPPE) showing multimodal imaging findings closely mimicking acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada(VKH) disease.

Case:A 20-year-old woman presented with acute visual loss in the left eye. Color fundus photography showed multiple flat yellowish-white placoid lesions at the posterior pole, including the macula. Optical coherence tomography revealed serous retinal detachment and diffuse stromal choroidal thickening with fibrin-like material. Fundus autofluorescence showed hyperautofluorescence corresponding to the active lesions. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated early hypofluorescence of the lesions followed by well-demarcated late staining, with only mild optic disc hyperfluorescence. Indocyanine green angiography showed multiple patchy-to-geographic hypocyanescent lesions persisting into the late phase. Findings were confined to the affected eye. There were no extraocular symptoms suggestive of VKH and no cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. Although APMPPE was considered the most likely diagnosis, intravenous methylprednisolone(1 g/day for 3 days) was administered followed by oral prednisolone taper because of sight-threatening macular involvement and incomplete exclusion of VKH. The serous detachment and choroidal thickening resolved rapidly, and no recurrence or fellow-eye involvement occurred during 6 months of follow-up.

Conclusions:APMPPE may present with VKH-like multimodal imaging findings in the acute phase. Integrating fundus findings, systemic evaluations, and longitudinal imaging is essential for accurate diagnosis. Systemic corticosteroids can be considered in severe cases to preserve visual function.


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電子版ISSN 1882-1308 印刷版ISSN 0370-5579 医学書院

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