骨格筋内の遺伝子調節を介した全身のエネルギー代謝制御機構

Mechanisms of systemic energy metabolism control through gene regulation in skeletal muscle.

　骨格筋は人体の中で最大の組織であり，全身恒常性の調節に重要な役割を果たし，カロリーの利用可能性や身体活動に対する代謝応答において顕著な可塑性を示す。骨格筋は自身の活動状態に応じ，環境に適した筋量を維持するだけでなく，外的・内的要因により骨格筋自体が筋線維組成を変化させることで，全身のエネルギー調節に影響を与える。 　本稿では全身のエネルギー消費を大きく司る骨格筋の筋線維組成の変化を，その転写調節機構に着目して概説する。

　Skeletal muscle is the largest tissue in the human body and plays an important role in the regulation of systemic homeostasis and displays remarkable plasticity in their metabolic responses to caloric availability and physical activity. Skeletal muscle maintains muscle mass suitable for the environment according to its own activity state. Skeletal muscles also affect the energy regulation of the whole body by skeletal muscle itself changing muscle fiber composition due to external and internal factors. 　This review focuses on the transcriptional regulation mechanism of muscle fiber type, which is responsible for overall energy consumption.