顎変形症の外科的矯正治療

Current treatments for oral and maxillo-facial diseases. Surgical orthodontic treatment for the patients with facial deformity.

　顎変形症患者に対する外科的矯正治療は，上下顎骨の変形や不調和と叢生や過度の歯軸傾斜などの歯性の不正により惹起される咬合異常と顔面変形の改善を目的として，矯正歯科医と口腔外科医の連携により施行される。顎口腔は咀嚼，呼吸，発音など生命の維持と社会生活を営む上で極めて重要な機能を担う領域であり，外科的矯正治療はこれら機能と形態の改善に寄与する有益な治療法である。外科矯正治療の診断，治療計画の立案には，個々の症例において骨格性，歯性における形態的異常や不調和を的確に把握し，それらを改善するうえで最も有効な歯科矯正治療，外科手術法の組合せを選択することが重要となる。

　Surgical orthodontic treatments for patients with facial deformities are performed to improve the occlusal abnormalities and facial deformities caused by skeletal and dental problems such as deformation and disharmony of the upper and lower jaws, crowding, and excessive tooth axis inclination. Such treatments were performed under close and detailed coordination between orthodontists and oral surgeons. The oral maxillofacial region plays an important role in daily life functions such as mastication, respiration, and speech. Surgical orthodontic treatment is very helpful and effective in improving both dysfunctions and dismorphologies in the patients with facial deformity. To make a diagnosis and draw up a treatment plan for surgical orthodontics, it is important to estimate the skeletal and dental morphological abnormality and/or disharmony in individual patients accurately.