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本研究では,遷延性咳嗽,慢性咳嗽,咳喘息に対する治療の実態を把握することを目的とし,2008年から2年ごとに,東京都内に勤務するプライマリケア医に対し,3週間以上持続する咳の診療に関する自記式アンケート調査を実施した。3週間以上持続する咳を訴える患者は増加しており,咳喘息の診断をした経験のある医師数も増加していた。遷延性咳嗽患者に対してはロイコトリエン受容体拮抗薬および吸入ステロイドの処方が年々増加していた。咳喘息と診断した患者にもこれらの抗炎症薬が多く処方され,吸入ステロイド/長時間作用性β2刺激薬配合剤が上市されてからはこの処方割合が高い実態が明らかとなった。
Chronic persistent cough is one of the most common and bothersome symptoms of respiratory diseases, thereby leading patients to seek medical attention. The Japanese Respiratory Society's guidelines state that about 70% of the subjects presenting with chronic persistent cough have allergic airway diseases including asthma, cough variant asthma(CVA)and atopic cough. We consecutively undertook a postal questionnaire survey 3 times in primary care physicians in Tokyo Metropolitan area. The questionnaire defined chronic persistent cough as cough lasting for more than 3 weeks, asking about the number of such patients, laboratory tests performed for the diagnosis, and prescriptions for the treatment of symptoms. The purpose of this study was to identify which drugs general practitioners are prescribing for chronic persistent cough. Assessment of these surveys revealed that, the number of patients with chronic persistent cough was increased, but the number of doctors who felt difficulty in treating cough was reduced. In 2012 survey, with regard to the first choice of medicine for chronic persistent cough, 60% of the doctors used leukotriene receptor antagonist(LTRA), 58% used anti-tussive agents, 36% used inhaled corticosteroids(ICS)and 41% used ICS/long-actingβ2-agonist(LABA)combination. On the other hand, the most frequently prescribed medicine for CVA patients was LTRA, and the second most popular medicine were ICS and ICS/LABA combination. Therefore, anti-inflammatory drugs such as ICS and LTRA were frequently prescribed and ICS/LABA was one of the most popular drugs for the treatment of chronic cough and CVA.