CTやAIを用いた肺癌診断の革新

Innovation in lung cancer diagnosis using CT and AI

肺癌の診断領域では，空間分解能や画質の改善に寄与する技術や，AIを活用した診断支援が近年大きな関心を集めている。本稿では，「CTやAIを用いた肺癌診断の革新」を主題とし，高精細CT，人工知能（artificial intelligence：AI）/deep learning（DL）に基づく再構成技術Precise IQ Engine（PIQE），AIや定量解析の応用，そして次世代CTとして期待されるフォトンカウンティングディテクターCT（photon-counting detector CT：PCD-CT）について概説する。

Recent advances in CT technology and artificial intelligence have transformed lung cancer imaging. High-resolution CT enables clearer visualization of fine pulmonary structures and more accurate assessment of tumor invasiveness. Deep learning-based reconstruction methods such as PIQE enhance image sharpness while reducing noise. AI-assisted systems improve detection, characterization, and prognostic evaluation of lung nodules, supporting quantitative and reproducible analysis. Photon-counting detector CT offers superior spatial and spectral performance with lower radiation and contrast requirements. Together, these innovations establish a new framework for precise, personalized, and efficient diagnosis of lung cancer in the era of artificial intelligence and data-driven medical imaging.