高齢者におけるLife Reviewの概念分析

Life Review for Elderly : A Concept Analysis

抄録

　目的：本研究は高齢者におけるlife reviewの概念分析を行い，看護実践のうえでの有用性を検討することを目的とした．

　方法：データの収集方法はPubMed，CINAHL，PsycINFO，SocINDEX，医学中央雑誌，国立情報学研究所論文情報ナビゲーターのデータベースを使用し，検索用語は“life review"“elderly"“aged"とした．1990〜2012年の28文献を対象にRodgersの概念分析のアプローチを参考にして行った．

　結果：高齢者におけるlife review の属性は【想起を繰り返す】【人生を振り返り統合する】【想起した思いを表現する】が抽出された．先行要件では【高齢期の特徴と身体的要因】【社会的交流の減少】【精神的・認知的機能の低下】【インタビュー手法の柔軟性】と，帰結として【老いや死に向かう段階の受容】【他者との相互理解の促進】【他世代への伝承】【自分らしさに気づく】が抽出された．

　結論：高齢者におけるlife reviewは，統合と自己意識という心理的効果，および他者との相互理解を促し，情報提供と必要な援助につながる有用な概念と考える．

　Purpose : To conduct a concept analysis of ‘life review for elderly’ and to examine it's utility for enhancing aspects of nursing practice.

　Methods : Relevant literature was identified using the search terms: life review, elderly, and aged. Six databases, PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SocINDEX, medical central magazine, and Japan Medical Abstracts Society were searched for the years 1990 through 2012. Meeting the criteria were 28 articles, which were analyzed using Rodgers's concept analysis model.

　Results : Extracted attributes of life review included: elderly repeated recall, integrated looking back on entire life span, and talking to others increased facial expressions. Antecedents of life review extracted were: physical factors and characteristics of the elderly, decline in mental and cognitive function, decrease in social interchange and existence of an expert with the skill to listen. Consequences of life review extracted were: reception of one's stage in life as old age and impending death; promotion of mutual understanding with others; comparing traditions with other generations, and noticing self-awareness, and maintenance of self-esteem.

　Conclusion : Life review for the elderly is regarded as a concept that when enacted promotes self-awareness that could otherwise be easily lost in the advanced age period and which promotes mutual understanding with others.