引越した高齢者における新たな近隣関係の構築に関する意識と行動

The Consciousness and Behavior of Relocated Elderly People in Developing New Relationships with Neighborhoods

抄録

　本研究の目的は，引越した高齢者における新たな近隣関係の構築に関する意識と行動を明らかにすることである．対象は，北海道の寒冷で豪雪地帯の一町の住民で，引越経験がある65歳以上の21人である．個別面接による逐語記録を質的記述的に分析した．対象者には，口頭と文書で研究目的と個人情報の保護厳守を説明し同意を得た．近隣関係の構築に関する意識は，≪交流を重視する≫≪自分の心を解放する≫≪他者からみた自分を意識する≫≪空気を読むことを心がける≫≪現状を肯定する≫であった．関係構築に関する行動は≪自分から外に出る≫≪自分からあいさつする≫≪交換する≫≪誘いに応じる≫≪生活のなかの機会を生かす≫≪情報を生かす≫≪受け入れられる状況を選択する≫≪敵をつくらない≫≪時間をかける≫であった．引越後の高齢者は他者からみた自分を意識し慎重に新たな関係を構築し，なかでも独居者は近隣関係を重視し積極的な行動をとることが明らかとなった．

　The purpose of this study was to describe the consciousness and behavior of relocated elders in developing new relationships with their neighbors. A qualitative descriptive method was used. Twenty-one participants who relocated to a snowy, cold region in Hokkaido were interviewed. Verbatim records were made and analyzed. The researcher explained the purpose of research and the ethical considerations to the participants by written document as well as verbally, and obtained their consent. The consciousness of relocated elderly people in developing new relationships with neighbors was classified into five categories: thinking of the importance of the relationship, being open-minded, being conscious of others' view, trying to capture the atmosphere, and affirming the present condition.

　Nine types of behavior for befriending neighbors were observed: being actively outgoing, being the first to say “hello”, exchanging, responding to invitations, using chances in daily life, using information, selecting acceptable conditions, avoiding making enemies, and spending time.

　Relocated elderly people were conscious of themselves being observed by others, and building new relations carefully. Relocated elderly people who live alone thought of the relations with the neighbors as more important, and carried out positive actions.