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要旨
目的:外来看護師が慢性病者に関わるための動機づけの要素が何なのかを明らかにし、外来看護の課題について示唆を得ることである。
方法:現在、慢性病者の外来診察に携わっているジェネラリストで、臨床での勤務経験年数が5年以上ある看護師に、半構造的インタビューを行い逐語録にした。文脈で切片化した後にコードを抽出した。意味内容の類似性からコードをまとめ、サブカテゴリーとし、サブカテゴリーからカテゴリーを抽出した。
結果:研究協力者は、2施設の外来看護師6名である。外来看護師が慢性病者に関わる動機づけの要素は【役割を果たすことへの自信】【外来看護の遂行から得る達成感】【看護の志に基づく役割意識】【医療チームの関係性】【向上心を支持する環境】の5カテゴリーであった。
結論:【役割を果たすことへの自信】を持つことは、動機づけの要素であり、他の要素である【外来看護の遂行から得る達成感】とは相互に影響すると考えられる。その根底には【看護の志に基づく役割意識】が必要であると示唆を得た。外来看護師が介入する時間・場所も確保された環境づくり・システムづくり・医療者間の関係性が必要であり、【役割を果たすことへの自信】が備わる看護師教育の継続が課題であると示唆を得た。
Purpose: This study aimed to clarify the motivating factors of nurses related to chronic illnesses and to obtain suggestions to address problems in outpatient nursing.
Methods: General nurses involved in outpatient visits of patients with chronic illnesses underwent semi-structured interview. These nurses have clinical working years of 5 years or more. A serial transcript was created. Codes were extracted after classifying the context of the responses. From the similarity of semantic contents, the codes were summarized, subcategories were taken, and categories were extracted from the subcategories.
Results: Subjects were six outpatient nurses from two facilities. The five categories of motivation factors of outpatient nurses associated with chronic illnesses were “confidence to play a role,” “a sense of accomplishment from the execution of outpatient nursing,” “role consciousness based on willingness to nursing,” “relationship with medical team,” and “an environment that supports ambition.”
Conclusion: Having “confidence to play a role” is a motivation factor. A factor of mutual influence is “sense of accomplishment from the performance of outpatient nursing.” Study findings suggested that “role consciousness based on willingness to nursing” is necessary. Moreover, continuation of nursing education and self-efficacy are problems identified in outpatient nursing; thus, it is necessary to create an environment where time and location for outpatient nurses to carry out interventions and medical care are secured.
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