県保健所と市町で実施した災害に備えた保健活動の合同研修の効果についての探索的研究

Effects of joint training planned by municipalities and health care centers for disaster health activities of public health nurses under normal conditions: An exploratory study

要約

目的：県保健所と二市一町で実施した合同研修の学習効果を明らかにすることを目的とした。

方法：受講者の災害に備えた平常時保健活動の変化を学習効果とし、研修終了後に無記名自記式の調査票を郵送して回収し、探索的に調査した。

結果：

(1) 研修を1回でも受講すると、マニュアルの把握を47.6％に高め合計69.0％に、災害対策運営要領に基づく自分の役割の把握は38.1％に高め合計76.2％など遵守すべきコンプライアンスの把握は増加した。顔の見える関係づくりは64.3％研修後、有意に増加した。

(2) 被災地支援経験者は未経験者より、研修を受講することにより、住民への健康教育、職場や多職種との協議を実施する者が増えていた。

結論：

・マニュアルなど遵守すべきコンプライアンスの把握は、受講回数が少なくとも学習効果は上がる。顔の見える関係づくりは、受講回数が多いと有効である。

・被災地支援経験者は研修後、未経験者より平常時保動に取り組む傾向にあるが、支援経験者の半数以上の者は取り組めていないため、被災地支援の経験を意味づけし直し，平常時に取り組むことができるような研修体制が必要である。

Objective: Jurisdiction A covers mountainous, insular and urban areas within two cities and one town in Hiroshima Prefecture. The present exploratory study was aimed to identify the educational effects of joint training planned by municipalities and health care centers for disaster health activities of public health nurses.

Methods: A questionnaire survey of public health nurses enrolled in jurisdiction A during the joint training was conducted. The respondents completed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire after the training. The change in disaster health activities of the participants who underwent training under normal conditions was indicated by this exploratory study.

Results: (1) Participants who underwent training at least once increased their grasp of compliance to be observed after the training, and the number of participants who grasped the manual increased by 47.6% to a total of 69.0%, the number of trainees identified increased by 38.1% to a total of 76.2%. In addition, 64.3% of the participants could form face-to-face relationships, which was significantly higher than the number of participants who had such a relation before the training.

(2) Public health nurses with actual disaster experience were better able to provide health education on disaster prevention to the public and could collaborate better in the workplace and in a multi-occupation after undergoing the training than those without actual experience.

Conclusion: Joint training of municipalities and prefectural health centers was helpful to increase understanding of compliance with the disaster manuals and the creation of face-to-face relationships. It is effective to obtain experience in stricken area support and to provide a significant training experience.