保健師活動を説明する新たな視点―組織的知識創造理論に基づく活動モデルの提案

Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation and Public Health Nursing: A New Direction to Guide Practice

要旨

　組織的知識創造とは，個人の暗黙知を組織の形式知として組織的に創り上げていくプロセスである．本論文では，組織的知識創造理論を用いて保健師活動を説明することを試みた．これにより，(1)すべての保健師活動を有機的に説明する基本的メカニズムが提示でき，(2)保健師活動を理解するための新しい視点が提供された．すなわち，主体および動態としてのコミュニティ，コミュニティの一メンバーとしての保健師，プロセス志向の創造的活動としての保健師活動である．変動しつつある社会において，保健師には，従来の既存の枠組みにとらわれることなく，新たな視点を身につけ，創造的活動を行うとともに自己変革していくことが求められると考えられた．

Abstract

　Organizational knowledge creation is a theory in business administration. It describes how the organization creates explicit knowledge from tacit knowledge of members who comprise the organization. The purpose of this paper is to describe public health nursing practice using this theory.

　I propose a basic common framework based on this theory to explain all public health nursing activities. I address new viewpoints that include achieving an understanding of a community as a dynamic entity that changes in accordance with changes in its surrounding context and society. According to this viewpoint, the public health nurse(PHN)is a member of this community, and a public health nursing practice is considered a proceeding involving creative activities.

　It is important for PHNs to understand their roles and activities in the context of new directions and perspectives, and to conduct their creative activities and achieve self-revolution without continuing their current policies.