人生を脅かす疾患や障害と生きる人々の時間軸を含むライフ経験とレジリエンスとの関連に関する文献検討

A Comprehensive Literature Review on the Correlation Between Life Experiences and Resilience, Including Timeframes of People Living With Life-Threatening Diseases and Disabilities

要旨

　目的：人生を脅かす疾患や障害と生きる人々の時間軸を含むライフ経験とレジリエンスとの関連を文献から明らかにし，看護実践と研究への示唆を得る．

　方法：医学中央雑誌，PubMed，CINAHL，PsycInfoを用いて論文を検索し，結果を抽出して内容を整理した．

　結果：計18文献が抽出された．深刻な疾患や障害と生きるライフ経験は，レジリエンスを包含しながら，発症後に崩壊や落ち込みを経験するが時間とともに回復する道筋が示された．レジリエンスは，困難からの回復プロセスや能力，身体・心理社会的アウトカムと直接的・間接的に良好に関連する要因であった．レジリエンスの資源や促進要因は，周囲との良好な人間関係，自己効力感や社会参加が挙げられた．

　結論：時間軸を含むライフ経験上の回復や良好なアウトカムと関連するレジリエンスを獲得するための，心理学的介入アプローチと研究蓄積の必要性が示唆された．

　Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between life experiences and resilience including timeframes of people living with life-threatening diseases and disabilities, to gather suggestions for nursing practice and research through a comprehensive review of the literature.

　Method: A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted. Articles were searched using the Igaku Chuo Zassi, PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycInfo databases to extract appropriate results and organize the content from the review.

　Results: Eighteen studies were extracted. Living with a serious disease and disability entailed a course of recovery that follows periods of disintegration and despair while including resilience over time. Resilience was the process or ability to recover from difficulties; it had direct and indirect positive relationships with physical and psychosocial outcomes. Resources and related factors that fostered resilience included cultivating good relationships with others, self-efficacy, and social participation.

　Conclusion: Psychological intervention approaches for acquiring resilience in relation to recovery and positive outcomes on life experiences, including timeframes, have been proposed. Prospects for further research have been presented.