住民ボランティアのICT機器の使用頻度・使用自信感と地域高齢者見守り自己効力感・見守り訪問頻度との関連

Association between Frequency or Confidence of ICT Devices Utilization and Self-efficacy of Neighborhood Watch or Frequency of Home Visits for Older Adults among Local Volunteers

要旨

　目的：住民ボランティアのICT機器の使用頻度・使用自信感と地域高齢者見守り自己効力感・見守り訪問頻度との関連を明らかにする．

　方法：住民ボランティア927名に質問紙調査を実施した．独立変数にICT機器の使用頻度または使用自信感，従属変数に地域高齢者見守り自己効力感または見守り訪問頻度を投入した多変量ロジスティック回帰分析を行った．

　結果：対象者451名（65歳以上の者＝76.0％，女性＝67.6％）のうち，所持ICT機器は，従来型携帯電話のみ所持群が11.3％，スマートフォンのみ所持群が33.9％，複数所持群が54.8％であった．ICT機器使用自信感が高い者は低い者に比べて，地域見守り自己効力感が高かった（オッズ比＝1.57,95％信頼区間＝1.04〜2.38，p＝.03）．

　結論：住民ボランティアのICT機器使用自信感が高いことと地域高齢者見守り自己効力感が高いことは関連していた．

　Aim: The present study aims to examine the association between frequency or confidence of information and communication technology (ICT) devices utilization and self-efficacy of neighborhood watch or frequency of home visits for older adults among local volunteers (LVs).

　Methods: A total of 927 LVs living in two municipalities were studied using self-reported anonymous surveys. The frequency and confidence of ICT usage, self-efficacy of neighborhood watch, and frequency of home visits for older adults among LVs were measured. Two multivariate logistic regression analyses adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics were conducted, investigating frequency or confidence of ICT usage as the independent variables and self-efficacy of neighborhood watch or frequency of home visits for older adults as dependent variables.

　Results: Among 451 LVs (aged ≥65 years: 76.0％ of the total participants, with females comprising 67.6％), 11.3％ persons had basic phones, while 33.9％ possessed smart phones. The rate of persons having more than one ICT device was 54.8％. High levels of confidence of ICT device usage significantly associated with the self-efficacy of neighborhood watch for older adults among LVs (odds ratio＝1.57, 95％ confidence interval＝1.04-2.38, p-value＝.03).

　Conclusion: The results suggest that confidence in usage of ICT devices could positively associated with self-efficacy of neighborhood watch for older adults, among LVs.