小児がんの病児をもつ家族が看護師に希望する家族支援

Support Expected from Nurses by Families of Children with Cancer

要旨

　目的：小児がんの病児をもつ家族が，看護師に希望する家族支援を明らかにすることを目的とした．

　方法：入院中の小児がんの病児をもつ12家族14名の親を対象に半構造化面接を行い，質的帰納的内容分析の手法を用いて分析した．

　結果：小児がんの病児をもつ家族が看護師に希望する家族支援として，【家族への思いやりのある支援】【家族に配慮のある声掛けをする支援】【病児への十分な支援の提供により家族が安心できるようにする支援】【家族の負担を軽減する支援】【家族の相談に乗る支援】【家族に必要な情報を提供する支援】【家族と多職種を調整する支援】の7カテゴリー，23サブカテゴリーが明らかになった．

　結論：看護師は，家族の希望に添う支援を行うために，7つの家族支援について深く熟思する必要がある．これらの家族支援を組み合わせ，適切に提供することは，家族の抱える心理・社会的な問題や，不安，負担の軽減に繋がるであろう．

　Objective: To clarify the support most expected from nurses for families of hospitalized children with cancer.

　Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 families of children with cancer consisting of 14 parents and the results were analyzed using qualitative inductive content analysis.

　Results: The analysis identified seven categories and 23 subcategories of support themes. They are “Support of care and consideration for the family”; “Support to encourage communication in order to share and discuss the family members' problems”; “Support to help the family members feel secure and trust the health care providers”; “Support to reduce the burden they have”; “Support to offer appropriate consultation and advice”; “Support to provide them with information they currently need”; “Support for their liaison with other health care professionals.”

　Conclusion: It is critical for pediatric nurses to analyze and understand clearly how, when, and why the families expect and require certain types of support depending on their situation. Enhaning these support themes with the professional medical care and providing the families with timely and effectively combined support services and care would help the nurses to relieve the psychological and socioeconomic problems, anxiety and burdens the families endure.