がん診療連携拠点病院に勤務する外来看護師のがん緩和ケアに対する実践の認識と関連要因

Perceptions of Palliative Cancer Care and Related Factors among Outpatient Nurses Working at Designated Oncology Hospitals

要旨

　目的：がん診療連携拠点病院に勤務する外来看護師を対象に，がん緩和ケアの実践に対する認識の自己評価とその関連要因を4側面ごとに明らかにした．

　方法：A県がん診療連携拠点病院の外来看護師を対象に，がん緩和ケアの実践に対する認識と，緩和ケアに関する経験について自記式質問紙調査を行なった．

　結果：207名に配布し回収率は92.3％であった．実践の程度の自己評価について，できていると回答した割合はいずれも2割以下であった．役割意識がある者は，スピリチュアルな側面で約7割，残りの3側面で8割から9割であった．緩和ケアの実践に関連する要因は，研修の受講や専門・認定看護師の支援を受けた経験，他職種連携の経験などであった．

　結論：外来看護師の緩和ケア実践を促進するためには，基本的な緩和ケアの実践知を積み上げ，他職種へとつなぐ体制整備が不可欠であると示唆された．

　Objective: This study aimed to clarify the perceptions of outpatient nurses for palliative cancer care and its related factors in the following four aspects: physical, psychological, social and spiritual.

　Method: A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted on outpatient nurses at designated oncology hospitals in a prefecture to understand their perceptions of palliative cancer care and related experiences.

　Results: The questionnaire was distributed to 207 participants, and the response rate was 92.3%. Less than 20% of the nurses considered themselves to be practicing palliative care. Nurses who believed that they were practicing in a spiritual sense of the role comprised approximately 70%, and 80% to 90% felt they were involved in the in the other three aspects mentioned above. Factors that influenced the practice of palliative care included training of nurses, support from other professionals or certified nurses, and collaboration with other healthcare professionals.

　Conclusion: To promote the practice of palliative care by outpatient nurses, it is imperative to expand their practical knowledge of basic palliative care and assist them to develop a collaborative working relationship with other healthcare professionals.