地域で生活を継続する統合失調症を持つ者の回復の経験

The Experience of Recovery among Schizophrenics Who Continue to Live in a Local Community

要旨

　本研究は，地域で生活を継続する統合失調症を持つ者の回復とはどのような経験であるかを明らかにすることを目的とした．Giorgiが提唱する現象学的アプローチを参考に，統合失調症を持つ者5名を対象に分析した．

　結果，統合失調症を持つ者の回復の経験とは『他者の理解の中だけにある未知の自分の存在を認知する』であり，未知の自分に対し，過去から現在までの連続の中で自分が認識できている既知の自分を見定めながら『未知の自分と既知の自分を共存させる』ことであった．未知の自分と既知の自分を共存させ続けるためには『既知の自分を維持・強化し続ける』ことが必要であった．統合失調症を持つ者の回復の経験は，未知の自分とそれに対応する既知の自分との因縁の不可分な関係によって生じ続け，今も持続的に経験されていた．

　既知の自分を蓄積することは，自己同一性の再構築であると考えられ，今も継続しているものであると推察された．

　The objective of this study was to elucidate the experience of recovery among schizophrenics who continue to live in a local community. Five schizophrenics were analyzed using the phenomenological approach advocated by Giorgi.

　Results showed that the schizophrenics' experience of recovery was one in which they were able to “recognize a previously unknown self that had only existed in the understanding of others” and in which, in contrast to their unknown self, they ascertained the known self that they had continuously recognized from the past until the present and realized that “the unknown and the known selves co-exist.” To ensure that the unknown and the known selves continue to co-exist, it is necessary to “maintain and reinforce the known self.” The experience of recovery from schizophrenia may be described an ongoing process because of the inextricable connection between the unknown self and the known self.

　The accumulation of known selves is believed to lead to a reconstruction of self-identity, and thus this process is assumed to be ongoing.