看護大学生の臨地実習指導者に対する援助要請の意思決定尺度の開発

Development of a Decision-making Scale to Measure Help-seeking by University Nursing Students in Relation to Clinical Instructors

要旨

　目的：看護大学生の臨地実習指導者に対する援助要請に関する尺度（以下，援助要請尺度）を開発し，その信頼性と妥当性を検証する．

　方法：11都道府県の看護系大学の3，4年次生2,120名を対象とし，質問紙調査を2020年2月に実施した．質問項目は援助要請尺度案（40質問項目），属性，援助要請スタイル尺度であった．また，2大学の375名に再テストを実施した．

　結果：808名（有効回答率38.1％）を分析対象とした．項目分析と因子分析により，2因子「非要請コストの自覚」と「被援助利益の自覚」8質問項目を抽出し，モデルの適合度を確認した．尺度全体と援助要請スタイル尺度との相関は回避型（r＝-.257），自立型（r＝.311）であった．クロンバックαはα＝.836であった．また，再テストでは116名（有効回答率30.9％）を分析した．級内相関はr＝.860であった．

　結論：2因子の内容に基づき，尺度名を「看護大学生の臨地実習指導者に対する援助要請の意思決定尺度」に修正した．

　Purpose: A scale to measure help-seeking engaged in by university nursing students in relation to clinical instructors (hereafter “help-seeking scale”) was developed and examined for reliability and validity.

　Method: Questionnaires were administered to 2,120 third- and fourth-year students at nursing universities in 11 Japanese prefectures in February 2020. Questionnaire items included a proposed help-seeking scale (40 items), profiling questions, and a help-seeking style scale. In addition, retests were conducted with 375 students at two universities.

　Results: A total of 808 students were analyzed (valid response rate: 38.1%). Item and factor analysis yielded two factors, “awareness of the costs of not seeking help” and “awareness of the benefits of receiving help,” and eight question items, and the fitness of the model was confirmed. The correlation coefficients between the overall scale and the help-seeking style scale were r = -.257 for avoidance style and r = .311 for independence style. Cronbach's alpha (α) was .836. In addition, a total of 116 students were analyzed in the retests (valid response rate: 30.9%). The interclass correlation coefficient (r) was .860.

　Conclusion: Based on the nature of the two factors, the name of the scale was revised to “Decision-making Scale to Measure Help-seeking by University Nursing Students in relation to Clinical Instructors.”