新卒看護師が職業継続意思を獲得するプロセス

Acquisition Process of the Motivation to Remain in Nursing among New Graduate Nurses

要旨

　目的：新卒看護師が職業継続意思を獲得するプロセスを明らかにする．

　方法：新卒看護師6名を研究協力者とし，半構成的面接で得たデータを修正版グラウンデッド・セオリー・アプローチにより分析した．

　結果：新卒看護師は，看護技術や勤務形態に適応し，先輩看護師や患者からの評価や患者への意識の変化により，【できる実感】を獲得していた．そして，看護師としての自己実現を目指す段階へと移行し，【理想の看護師像へのアプローチ】を進めていた．また，看護師を職業として選択したことの意識化や気分転換により，【仕事として割り切る】ことでストレスを軽減していた．さらに，周囲の人々の支えや，看護師の職業的長所を見出すことで，【意欲の再構成】を行って職業継続意思を獲得するプロセスを支えていた．

　結論：新卒看護師が職業継続意思を獲得するプロセスを進めるためには，看護師としての基盤の獲得をスムーズに行うこと，また看護師を職業としてとらえることが有効であることが示唆された．

　Aim: The aim of this study was reveal acquisition process of the motivation for job continuation in new graduate nurse.

　Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 6 new graduate nurses. Data were analyzed using The Modified Grounded Theory Approach.

　Results: New graduate nurses were familiar with nursing techniques and had adapted to working arrangements. In addition, they felt “capable” based on evaluations made by senior nurses and patients and on changes in their perception of patients. The graduate nurses had already entered a phase of self-realization and started the process of “becoming an ideal nurse.” To reduce stress, they reminded themselves of their reasons for choosing nursing, changed the pace of their work, and reminded themselves to “accept the normal challenges of the job.” Colleagues and friends supported the new graduate nurses in going through the process of evaluating their jobs, and the graduates also “rebuilt their motivation” through discovering the professional advantages that nursing offers.

　Conclusion: These results of the study suggest that, to facilitate the acquisition process of the motivation for job continuation required to remain in nursing, new graduate nurses need to smoothly establish a foundation for their role as a nurse and to view nursing as an occupation.