中・大規模病院における看護研究に関する全国調査

A Nation-Wide Survey of Nursing Research Conducted in Medium and Large Hospitals in Japan

要旨

　目的：臨床の看護職に適した看護研究のあり方を検討するための基礎情報を得るため，臨床における看護研究の現状を明らかにする．

　方法：全国の中・大規模の病院のうち，無作為抽出した3000病院に所属する看護研究推進担当者に対し，郵送法による質問紙調査を実施した．

　結果：回答は1130病院（回収率37.7％）から得られ，回答時100床以上であった病院1116を対象に分析を行った．本研究において，中・大規模の病院では，高い頻度で（88.4％），看護研究が実施されていることが明らかになった．その目的としては，「スタッフの教育」が最も優先順位が高く，次いで「患者サービス向上」「業務の改善」であった．研究法としては，質問紙法による実態調査が多く，研究期間は1年が多く，研究時間や研究資金は不十分であり，研究成果を論文として発表する率は低かった（14.8％）．看護研究を進めるのに不足しているものとして，データ分析や研究法の知識・技術があげられ，また病院内で研究を指導する人が求められていた．

　結論：本研究により，病院で取り組まれている看護研究における課題が明らかになり，今後，臨床の看護職により実施される看護研究の目的を明確にするとともに，組織外のリソースを活用した研究支援の必要性が示唆された．

Abstract

　Purpose: This study was aimed at clarifying the actual condition of the research conducted by nurses at hospitals in order to develop a way of conducting nursing research which is suitable for clinical settings.

　Methods: For this study, 3000 hospitals were randomly selected from those with more than 100 beds, all over Japan. A questionnaire was mailed to the nurses who promote nursing research at the hospital, and they were asked to answer the questions and mail it back.

　Results: Answers were received from 1130 hospitals（collection rate 37.7%）, and 1116 hospitals with more than 100 beds at the investigation were analyzed. Most hospitals（88.4%） had organized nursing research. ‘Staff education' was highly prioritized as the purpose, and was followed by, ‘improvement of patient's service' and ‘business improvement.’ The survey questionnaire on the actual clinical conditions was most frequently used as the method, the study period was usually one year, and there was a shortage of time and funds. A few（14.8%） had published a paper about their research outcomes. To promote research conducted by nurses at hospitals, they required the knowledge and skills of data analysis and research methods, and they would like staff members who instruct nursing research at the hospital. Though the percentage of literature review by using a database was not high（37.0%）, a few（22.3%） required the means to obtain literature.

　Conclusion: The present study has clarified the issues of nursing research in clinical settings, and the results suggest that the purpose of organizing research at hospitals should be carefully considered in future studies and recourses outside the hospitals should be utilized.