遺族のためのサポートグループにおける「思い出の品を持ってきて語ること」の意味―がんで家族を亡くした人たちの悲嘆からの回復過程への影響

The Meaning of Bringing Things for the Deceased's Memories to Bereavement Support Group and Talking about Them：Effects of the Process of the Recovery from Grief in Families Who Have Lost Their Family Member to Cancer

要旨

　本研究の目的は，がんで家族を亡くした人たちを対象に悲嘆からの回復を支援することを目的として行われている遺族のためのサポートグループにおいて，「故人の思い出の品を持ってきて語ること」の遺族にとっての意味を考察することである．11名の対象者の経験が現象学的アプローチによって分析された．分析の結果，テーマの中心的意味として，［故人との関係や歴史を振り返って語るきっかけとなる］，［悲しみを素直に表現できる］，［自分の感情をメンバーに共有してもらうことで亡くなった事実を受け入れたり，明日への勇気に繋がる］，［故人の愛情を思い出し，気持ちが楽になったり，感謝の気持ちがわく］，［故人への役目を果たしたという達成感をもつ］，［思い出の品がもつ象徴的意味に気づくことで前向きに生きていく力を得る］，［自分にとっての故人の新しい位置が定まったり，見守られていることを改めて実感する］の7つが抽出された．以上の結果から，思い出の品を持ってきて語ることは，【歴史の連続性の実感】【繋がりの連続性の回復】をもたらし，さらに【時間の連続性の回復】に繋がっていくことが示唆された．これらが悲嘆からの回復過程といえる．

Abstract

　We have organized a bereavement support group for families who have lost their family member to cancer to facilitate the recovery from grief. The purpose of this study was to consider the meaning of bringing things for the deceased's memories and talking about them in the bereavement support group. The subjects were eleven bereaved.The experiences of the bereaved were analyzed qualitatively. The results were seven focus meanings of the themes.The meanings were as follows：(a) remembering and narrating about the relationship and history with the deceased, (b) expressing their grief openly, (c) accepting their dying and encouraging to live through sharing their feelings with other members, (d)feeling relieved or thanking the deceased through remembering their love to them, or hoping that they will be able to feel relieved or thanking them, (e)realizing that the bereaved have accomplished the roles for the deceased, (f) empowering to live positively through being aware of the symbols that things for the deceased's memories mean, (g)fixing the deceased's new position for the bereaved and realizing that they are taken care by them. The results indicated that bringing things for the deceased's memories and talking about them brought realizing the continuation of the history between the bereaved and the deceased and recovering the continuation of the interconnectedness with them, then would lead recovering the sense of continuity between the present and the past that the bereaved had lived with the deceased. It was suggested that the above three was the process of a recovery from grief.