日本版健康関連ハーディネス尺度（The Japanese Health-related Hardiness Scale）の作成

Development of the Japanese Health-related Hardiness Scale

要旨

　本研究の目的は，日本版健康関連ハーディネス尺度(JHRHS)の作成である．ハーディネスは「ストレスフルな生活上の出来事において，ストレス耐性資源として機能する性格特性」と定義され，コミットメント，コントロール，チャレンジの3要素から構成される．この概念をもとにPollockが開発したHealth-related Hardiness Scale(HRHS)は，今日まで医療研究者に広く使用されている．HRHSは研究チームにより日本語に翻訳され，バック・トランスレーションを経て本調査が行われた(N＝655)．因子分析の結果，原版と同じ2因子にまとまる14項目が選定され，因子妥当性が確認された．JHRHSと3心理尺度との関連では，自己効力感，日本版Health Locus of Control尺度のInternal，Family，Professional，情動焦点型コーピングとの中程度の有意な正の相関を認め，構成概念妥当性が確認された．JHRHS総得点と下位尺度のCronbach'sα係数は0.71～0.87であり，内的整合性が確認された．最後にダミー項目3項目を追加し，17項目のJHRHSが完成した．結論として，17項目から成り2因子にまとまるJHRHSが作成され，妥当性と信頼性が確認された．

Abstract

　The purpose of this study is to develop the Japanese Health-Related Hardiness Scale (JHRHS). Hardiness is defined as“a constellation of personality characteristics that function as a resistance resource in the encounter with stressful life events”, which consists of3dimensions: commitment, control and challenge. Based on this concept, Pollock developed the Health- Related Hardiness Scale(HRHS), which has been widely used by health researchers.

　The research team translated the HRHS into Japanese(JHRHS), and the JHRHS was administered to 655 participants after completing the back-translation process. As a result of the factor analysis, two factors with 14 items were obtained for the JHRHS. The factorial validity of the JHRHS was confirmed by having the same two-factor structure as the HRHS. In regard to the relationship between the JHRHS and the three other psychological scales, significant positive correlations with self-efficacy, internal locus of control, family and professional locus of control, as well as emotion-oriented coping were found, which indicate the construct validity of the JHRHS. The internal consistency of the JHRHS was verified using Cronbach's alpha coefficients (0.71～0.87 for the total of the JHRHS and subscales). Finally, we added3dummy items and completed the JHRHS with 17 items.

　In conclusion, the JHRHS which consisted of 17 items and indicated a two-factor structure was developed, and its validity and reliability were confirmed.