「主介護者エンパワーメント尺度（MCEM）」の中国版の作成

Chinese Version “Main Care-Givers Empowerment Measurement(MCEM)”

要旨

　【目的】本研究の目的は，9要素で構成した「MCEM」中国版の信頼性と妥当性を検証することである．

　【方法】研究対象は，中国における2回以上入院の経験がある要介護高齢者の主介護者249名であり，留置法または郵送法により，データを収集した．分析には，相関係数の算出，Cronbach α係数の算出や因子分析などを用いて，信頼性や妥当性を検証した．

　【結果】「MCEM」中国版は，内的整合性や因子分析によって64項目が51項目まで精錬された．51項目の信頼性や妥当性を検討した結果，信頼性に関しては，「社会的望ましさ尺度」とは有意な相関がみられず，反応性バイアスを受けていなかった．また，Cronbach α係数が0.88と高く，内的整合性が示された．さらに，テスト-再テストによる一致度指数は，0.08～0.18であり，いずれの項目にもAbs関数は，絶対値1を超えず，安定性係数0.82であり，安定性も支持された．妥当性に関しては，「介護者自己効力感スケール」と相関がみられ(r＝0.33，p＜0.01)，基準関連妥当性が支持された．また，因子分析によって，9因子が抽出され，51項目の累積寄与率は54.8％であり，構成概念妥当性が支持された．

　【結論】検証の結果には，いくつかの課題が残されているが，この尺度は，中国の主介護者エンパワーメントをアセスメントするために有用である．

Abstract

　Purpose：The objective of this study is to test the reliability and validity of the 9 factors Chinese version of MCEM.

　Method：The study objects were 249main caregivers who delivered care to the aged people admitted into hospitals twice and in need of care-giving in China. Data were collected by post or placement methods, and analyzed with correlation coefficient. The application of measures such as Cronbach's αcoefficient and factor analysis testified the reliability and validity of MCEM.

　Results：Based on analysis of internal consistency and designated factors, the number of Chinese MCEM version items was reduced from 64to 51. Results from the reliability and validity test of the new51-item version proved that there is no significant relationship between reliability and the “Social Desirability Scale”and no responding biases were observed. Cronbach's α coefficient at 0.88indicated a high internal consistency measurement and test-retest Abs function (absolute value)for all items was within range 0.08～0.18, a figure far below the absolute value of 1. The coefficient of stability amounted to a high of 0.82 proving that there is a relationship between validity and “Care-givers' Self-efficacy Scale”(r＝0.33, p＜0.01) supporting further the criterion-related validity. Results of factor analysis showed that the 9factors on which the final 51-item version was based provide a cumulative contribution rate of 54.8％, a value which supports the construct validity of MCEM.

　Conclusion：Though a few issues remain that need to be resolved, the current MCEM version can be well applied resulting in high value assessment of main care-givers' empowerment in China.