がん患者のセルフケアの概念分析

A Concept Analysis of Self-Care of Cancer Patients

要旨

　目的：がん治療が外来へと移行している動きに伴い，がん患者には治療や進行に伴い変化する心身の状態を調整する能力が求められている．本研究の目的は，がん患者のセルフケアの構成概念を導くことである．

　方法：分析方法はRodgersのアプローチを用い，概念分析を行った．これまでの看護実践をもとにしたがん患者のセルフケアに焦点をあてるために医中誌とPubMedから文献を検索，収集し，質的に分析した．

　結果：対象となった76文献の中では，がん患者のセルフケアについての明確な定義づけはされていなかった．分析により，がん患者のセルフケアの概念は，4つの先行要件，4つの属性，2つの帰結，2つの関連概念が抽出された．

　結論：がん患者のセルフケアの定義は，『がんに関する情報の探索と活用により，生活を保持するための意思決定を行うことである．そしてがん治療に伴う副作用や状態の変化へ対処し，がんの進行を抑えるための保健行動の実行から構成される』と定義づけられた．

Abstract

　As cancer treatments transit from inpatient to outpatient, there is more demand for patients to learn to adjust to their own physical and mental condition which changes in accordance with the treatment and progress of the disease.

　The purpose of this research is to clarify and conceptualize the characteristics of self-care as a pre-stage to create index to assess self-care ability of cancer patients.

　This research is guided by Rodgers' approach. In order to focus on self-care of cancer patients based on nursing in practice up to now, qualitative analysis is done by searching and collecting original articles from Igaku Chuo Zasshi and PubMed. Among 76 articles which have met the requirements, there were no articles which clearly defined self-care of cancer patients. From the analysis, 4 antecedents, 4 attributes, 3 consequences and 2 related concepts are extracted from the concept of self-care in cancer patients. The self-care of cancer patient can be defined as a decision making to maintain their own life by searching and collecting information on cancer. And it is composed of coping with adverse effects of cancer therapy and change of their condition, and carrying out health behaviour to prevent from advancement of cancer.