糖尿病患者の肯定的および否定的な情緒に影響を及ぼす要因について

Factors Related to the Positive and Negative Emotions of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

　糖尿病患者の肯定的な情緒と否定的な情緒に影響を及ぼす要因について明らかにすることを目的に，糖尿病患者141名を対象に自記式質問紙調査を行った．（1）肯定的情緒（健康生成モデル・首尾一貫性感覚を参考）：糖尿病をコントロールできる自信は「食事管理行動がよい，小言や文句を言う人がいない」，糖尿病への有意義な価値づけは「楽しみがある」，糖尿病に対する状況判断力は「大人の自我状態」が最も影響していた．病気に関する要因の影響はなかった．（2）否定的情緒（燃え尽き状態の概念を参考）：自己管理行動による情緒的疲弊感は「民間療法の経験」，糖尿病罹病による生活の拘束感は「合併症が多い」，自己管理行動に対する自責の念は「HbA1cが高い」であった．病気に関する要因の影響が強かった．（3）共通要因：標準偏回帰係数の符号は異なるが「食事管理行動」と「順応した子供の自我状態」であった．これらの要因は，糖尿病患者の看護において重要であることが示唆された．

　The purpose of this study was to clarify the factors related to the positive and negative emotions of patients with diabetes mellitus. The subjects were 141 patients with diabetes at one hospital in the city of Nagasaki. The positive-emotion items were made according to the sense of coherence that is the basic concept of the Salutogenic model. The negative-emotion items were made according to the concept of burnout among diabetes patients. The items of factors related to emotion were sets of four categories of demographic data, the socio-psychological factor, diabetic condition, and self-management behavior. The investigation used self-recorded questionnaire, and was conducted while patients waited for medical examinations. Result―(1) The factor that most related to a positive emotion: on self-confidence that it is possible to cope with diabetes successfully, it was“there is no one that says a scolding and expression”and“the meal management behavior is good.”On putting positive value to being diabetes, it was“to be pleasant.”On the ability to assessment of diabetic condition, it was“the ego state of adult.”(2) The factor that most related to a negative emotion: on the emotional exhaustion with self-management behavior, it was“home remedy experience.”On the restraints of living with diabetes, it was“to have many complications.”On facing guilt with self-management, it was“HbA1cwas high level.”Few influences of the socio-psychological factor are concerned with the diabetic condition. (3) The common factor: it was“the ego state of adapted child”and“the meal management behavior.”These factors were suggested to be important for educating diabetic patients.