「高齢者版・手工芸に対する自己効力評価」の作成—妥当性と経験値からの検討

Developing the elderly version of Self-Efficacy Scales for manual skill Activities:Examination standardization of the scales based on validity and experience scores

要旨：本研究の目的は，高齢者版・手工芸に対する自己効力評価(以下，自己効力評価)の作成である．全国6地域の294名(男性84名，女性210名)の健常高齢者を標本にし，①標本データから回答分布を明らかにすること，②一般性セルフエフィカシー尺度を基準とした基準関連妥当性の検討，③探索的因子分析結果による構成概念の検討，④過去の経験の程度との関係を検討した．その結果，当集団の信頼される回答分布を確認し，3つの安定した下位因子(因子負荷量0.35以上，α＝0.86〜0.95)の構造が確認され，最終的に評価種目として21種目が採択された．また，男性限定，女性限定種目や天井効果による留意種目が確認され，自己効力評価が完成した．

　The purpose of this study was to develop Self-Efficacy Scales for manual skill Activities (SESA) among the elderly. For the purpose of the study, the validity and the standardization which represented the nature of SESA data of previous studies were examined and the relationship between past experiences of the activities within the SESA and self-efficacy were addressed.

　Participants were 294 elderly. The four following procedures were conducted in order to decide the final SESA activities: 1) clarifying the distribution of responses among the participants for standardization of the SESA, 2) examining the criterion-related validity based on the General-Self Efficacy Scales (GSES), 3) examining the construct based on factor analysis of the SESA, and 4) clarifying the relationship among the degree of past experiences, the SESA and the GSES.

　As a result, three stable factor structures were confirmed within the SESA and each factor was named. Twenty-one activities were adopted for the final activities of the SESA based on the results from the second and the fourth procedures. Only a limited number of women's and men's activities in the SESA were selected while special consideration was needed based on the distribution of responses among the participants.