主観的QOL評価に基づいた作業療法—高齢障害者維持期における試み

Occupational therapy based on subjective QOL scale : A trial on elderly disabled

要旨：高齢障害者維持期の作業療法（OT）は，対象者のQOL向上への援助が必要と考える．しかし，その援助方法は確立されていない．我々は介護老人保健施設の入所者13名を対象に，主観的QOL評価に基づいたOTを試みた．対象者が必要と望む度合いと現状の満足度の両面が把握できるQOL評価を使用し，必要と望んでいるのに満足度が低い項目に焦点を当てたOTを実施した．そして，OT実施前後のQOL評価結果を点数化して比較した．その結果，継続して可能であった9名のうち7名がOT実施後に満足度が上昇した．QOL評価で満足度の低い項目に焦点を当てたことが，施設への適応，生活や価値観の再構築に繋がったと考えた．

　The elderly disabled, with regard to Occupational Therapy(OT), need more support to improve their QOL. However, the method of support has not yet been established. We tried OT on 13 subjects in the Nursing Home based on a subjectively evaluated QOL scale. The scale evaluated 13 items with regard to necessity factors and degree of satisfaction. We tried OT focusing on items, which measured as expected with regard to necessity factors but measured below expectations with regard to degree of satisfaction. Then, we compared the QOL score before and after the OT program. As a result, the satisfaction score improved in 7 out of 9 subjects who could continue the OT program. In conclusion, adapting to the Nursing Home with regard to reorganizing patients' living environments improves QOL for elderly disabled.