自閉スペクトラム症のある学生に対する臨床実習における合理的配慮—デルファイ法による検討

Reasonable accommodation for students with autism spectrum disorders in clinical training:A study using the Delphi survey method

　障害者差別解消法を遵守するため，言語聴覚士養成校において，臨床実習で障害のある学生に対する合理的配慮の提供が義務となる．そのため，妥当な合理的配慮の内容を明らかにする必要がある．そこで，25名の経験豊富な専門家（障害学生支援部署のスタッフ，養成校教員および実習機関の実習指導者）を研究対象者としてデルファイ法による調査を行った．研究対象者は，自閉スペクトラム症の診断がある仮想事例の学生に対する25項目の配慮内容の妥当性を評価した．第1段階調査において合意した配慮項目は，配慮の共通理解に関する5項目（6項目中），学生に対する情報保障に関する3項目（7項目中），実習環境の構造化に関する0項目（7項目中），実習科目の成績評価の明確化に関する1項目（5項目中）だった．第2，3段階調査で全項目合意に達した．本研究を通して，自閉スペクトラム症のある学生に対する臨床実習での合理的配慮の項目を科学的に提案できた．

　In order to comply with the Act for Eliminating Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities, institutions in Japan that offer clinical training to speech-language-hearing therapist (SLHT) students are obliged to offer reasonable accommodation to the special needs of students with disabilities. Therefore, it is necessary to determine, in a scientifically valid way, what such reasonable accommodation should include. To this end, the current study conducted a Delphi survey on 25 experienced professionals, including the staff of departments supporting students with disabilities, faculty members of SLHT training institutions, and supervisors of clinical training. They evaluated the suitability of 25 items of accommodation that might be taken for a fictional student with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The results of the first-round survey showed agreement on several items including five items (out of six) related to a common understanding of accommodation for students with disabilities, three items (out of seven) related to a guarantee of information for students, and one item(out of five)related to the clarification of grades and evaluations on clinical training. There was no agreement on the seven items related to the structure of the training environment. In the second and third-round surveys, all items were agreed upon. In this study, a scientific process was followed to identify specific items to address for the reasonable accommodation of SLHT students with ASD during their clinical training.