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The etiology of diabetes mellitus Tomohiko Taminato 1 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kagawa University Hospital Keyword: 1型糖尿病 , 2型糖尿病 , 遺伝的背景 pp.970-975
Published Date 2010/9/15
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1542102379
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Diabetes mellitus is glucose intorelance caused by deficient insulin secretion and decreased insulin action in target organs in human body. Diabetes is devided into Type 1 and Type 2 from the etiology. Main etiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus is deficient insulin secretion, which is a result of autoimmune islet cell destruction and/ or viral infections such as cocxakie B4, mumps, EB virus. Onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus is also genetically influenced. Single gene abnormalities such maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) gene, mitochondrial DNA, insulin receptor gene, are the cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 dibetes are related to "single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)", which may result into amino acid abnormality, deranged functional protein, abnormal reproducibility of pancreatic islets. According to "The thrifty gene hypothesis", "thrifty genes" are genes which enable individuals to efficiently collect and process food to deposit fat during periods of food abundance. However, in modern societies with a constant abundance of food, this genotype efficiently prepares individuals for a famine that never comes. The result is widespread chronic obesity and related health problems like diabetes.


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電子版ISSN 1882-1367 印刷版ISSN 0485-1420 医学書院

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