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Ⅰ.はじめに
転移性脳腫瘍は担癌患者の10〜30%に発症し19,24,27),脳腫瘍症例全体の17〜20%を占める22).病期,病型,再帰分割分析などの結果をもとに予後を評価し13),集学的治療の対象となれば,外科的治療,放射線治療や化学療法を用いて治療する23).近年は原発巣に対して分子標的療法を併用することも多い.代表的な分子標的薬の1つであるベバシズマブはvascular endothelial growth factorのモノクローナル抗体で,卵巣癌,治癒切除不能な結腸・直腸癌,進行・再発の非小細胞性肺癌,再発乳癌,また悪性神経膠腫に適応があり,放射線壊死に対する治療効果も知られている6,14,15,21).ベバシズマブの承認当初は脳転移を有する患者への投与は原則禁忌であったが,2012年6月に慎重投与が認められた.しかし,これまで転移性脳腫瘍やその再発例に対するベバシズマブの治療報告は少ない9,28).そこで本研究では,転移性脳腫瘍再発自験例に対するベバシズマブの治療効果を検討した.ベバシズマブには高血圧,腎機能障害や出血など用量依存性に現れる副作用が知られており,特に低用量のベバシズマブの有用性を検証したので報告する.
OBJECTIVE:Molecularly targeted therapy has been adopted to treat a number of cancers. Bevacizumab, a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor, is a representative agent used in molecularly targeted therapeutic regimens. However, the therapeutic effect of bevacizumab for the treatment of brain metastases remains unknown. We report the clinical effects of low dose bevacizumab(≤2.5mg/kg/week)to treat recurrent brain metastases.
METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed patients with brain metastases who had been treated with bevacizumab between 2012 and 2016 at our institution. We identified clinical characteristics, including age, gender, primary tumor site, dose of bevacizumab, therapeutic and adverse effects, and magnetic resonance imaging results. The lesions were assessed with the RECIST criteria based on gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and FLAIR images. Statistical analysis was performed using t-test and Fisher's exact test.
RESULTS:The cohort comprised 26 patients(8 men, 18 women)with a median age of 61 years(range 39-82 years). There were no significant clinical differences between the low dose and non-low dose groups. Patients in the low dose group did not report any adverse effects from bevacizumab. Three patients with brain metastases from colon cancer are illustrated to report the clinical course of low dose bevacizumab.
CONCLUSION:Low dose bevacizumab may be a safe and effective therapeutic option to treat recurrent brain metastases from bevacizumab-sensitive cancers.
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