脳の血管障害と血小板—第1報 血小板の生体内分布に就いて

The relationship between vascular lesions of brain and blood platelets; 1-st Report, distribution of blood platelets in rabbit's body.

緒言

　Bizzozero（1882）^1）が血流中に始めて血小板を区別し，其の機能に於いて報告したのであるが，爾来血小板と血液凝固との関係は急速に解明されて来た。殊に血管内の血小板は血流速度の遅延すると共に次第に血管壁に近く流れ，遂には凝集すると報告されているが，吾々の生体観察実験でも，全身性Shwartzman現象惹起時の家兎腸間膜毛細血管内で血小板は其の管壁に附着し，之れを肥厚するかの如く見え，更に，血小板血栓をも生成するのである^2）。又井口及び八木等^3）に依ると，血管壁に物理的乃至化学的損傷を加えた場合，該部に放射性血小板が撰択的に集合すると報告している。斯の如く血小板の変化と血管壁の変化とは密接な関係を持つて居る可能性が極めて強い。

　他方Erspamer.，^4）5）6）Rapport. Green ＆ Page.，^7）及びCorcoran^8）9）等に依りSerotonin（5-Hydroxytryptamin）の性格が明らかにされるにつれ，本物質に対する研究は長足の進歩を遂げた。しかも血液中のSerotoninは其の大部分を血小板中に持つているため，血小板中のSerotoninと血液の出血凝固機転との関係が色々の面から検討される様になつて来た。

The authors thought that blood platelets playedan important parts to the lesions of small vessels, so, as first step of this study, we have been studing on the distribution of P32 tagged plateletsin rabbit's bodies.

Experimental results were as followings;

1) P³² tagged blood platelets injected intravenously into normal rabbit's bodies distributed chieflyin heart, liver, lung, kidney and spleen, but scarecely in central nervous system and muscle. And then, P³² tagged blood platelets were destructed in spleen between 2 to 12 hours after theinjection.

2) P³² tagged blood platelets injecte'd intravenously into the rabbits which removed 20 to 30cc ofblood, distributed comparatively larger in centralnervous system than normal one, that is, cerebrum, cerebellum and caudate nucleus etc., after2 hours of the injection.

3) P³² tagged blood platelets injected intravenously into the rabbits which were induced the generalized Shwartzman's phenomenon, distributedmore vastly and excellently in various organsand tissues than normal group. Moreover, theinjected platelets were destructed in peripheralvessels of various organs and tissues includingspleen, and the destruction's process was markdly in hemorrhagic fields.

4) When local Shwartzman's phenomenon wasinduced in central nervous system, P³² taggedblood platelets were chiefly accumulated in thisfield after 2 hours of the injection of those platelets.

5) Moreover, the authors discussed the relationship between Shwartzman's phenomenon and serotonin in blood platelets about the lesions ofsmall vessels in central nervous system.