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Rasmussen's encephalitis:Glutamate receptor channelopathy Akira Kuzuya 1 , Shun Shimohama 1 1Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University Keyword: Rasmussen encephalitis , anti glutamate receptor 3 antibody , autoimmune epilepsy pp.225-230
Published Date 2003/4/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431100301
  • Abstract
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 Epilepsy is one of the most frequent neurological diseases, which is caused by various etiology, but some with completely unkown etiology. Recently, the responsible genes have been identified in some types of epilepsy, and it has been demonstrated that they are involved in the abnormality of ion channels in the central nervous system(CNS). And so, epilepsy, in part, has been recently considered as“channelopathy”, which is the disorder caused by the dysfunction of channels.

 Rasmussen's encephalitis is kown as a rare type of epilepsy characterized by progressive destruction of a single cerebral hemisphere. The disease typically starts in the first 10 years of life and is characterized by partial seizures, which often are unresponsive to anti-epileptic drugs, and progressive hemiplegia secondary to focal cortical inflammation and tissue destruction. The underlying histopathology consists of perivascular lymphocytic cuffing, microglial nodules, neuronal loss, and gliosis.In recent years, evidence has mounted that Rasmussen's encephalitis may be caused, at least in part, by an autoimmune attack of antibodies to the glutamate receptor of theα-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazole-4-propionic acid(AMPA)subtype, GluR3. In addition to anti-GluR3 antibodies, recent reports have suggested an early involvement of autoimmune cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of the disease. These data suggest that autoimmune system, especially against ion channels of the CNS, may be involved in the pathogenesis of some forms of epilepsy, although it remains unclear whether the activation of the immune system is primary or not.


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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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