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はじめに
フラビウイルスには,日本脳炎ウイルスをはじめとして,西ナイルウイルス,デングウイルス,黄熱病ウイルスなど,感染し発症したら予後が大変厳しい状態を迎えるウイルス群が含まれている。
ところで近年,アメリカ合衆国で,今まで報告の無かった西ナイルウイルスが突然発生し,今やアメリカ全土にわたって広がりをみせている。また日本国内でデングウイルス感染症も,戦前・戦中はみられたが,近年になって旅行者などに,かなりの頻度で発症する人がみられるようになって来ている。さらに日本脳炎ウイルス感染症は,日本国内でひと頃3,000人を越える人が感染,発症したが,現在では10人を切るまでに減少した。これはその原因が,開発されたワクチンの接種によるものとも考えられる。
とにかく,感染発症後の予後が厳しい感染症が含まれている。例えば,日本脳炎ウイルスの場合,1/3が死亡し,1/3になんらかの障害が残り,1/3が社会復帰できるのみである。
Firstly West Nile virus were suddenly infected to human being in New York city residents and to birds. This West Nile virus closely associated Israel isolate, however wild birds does not migrate directly from Europe to America. So, this problem is remained unclear situation.
Secondary, the imported Dengue virus problem was recognized recently as increase of oversea travels. The imported forms were every summer seasons.
Thirdly about Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)problem was recognized. Because ill cases, one third were died and one third were serious illness and handicapped and one third were only recovered. From this virus infection in Japan most many cases were reported over 3,000 incidents, after vaccine against JEV was developed and vaccination rate of were increased less than 10 cases were reported every year. However, still more than 30,000 victims were recognized from thinking world widely.
4th was yellow fever virus infection and 5th was tick borne encephalitis virus.
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