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Japanese

Neural Mechanisms of Visual Search and Working Memory Ryo Sawagashira 1,2 , Masaki Tanaka 1 1Department of Physiology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine 2Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University School of Medicine Keyword: 視空間的注意 , 視覚探索 , 作業記憶 , 抑制性タギング , 中央実行系 , visuospatial attention , visual search , working memory , inhibitory tagging , central executive pp.709-714
Published Date 2024/6/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1416202667
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Abstract

Visual search is a useful experimental paradigm investigating various aspects of attention. For efficient search, participants must avoid revisiting previously viewed objects. Inhibitory tagging and inhibition of return are phenomena related to this process, but their neural mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. Recent studies have shown that the rate of revisit behavior during visual search correlates with working memory capacity. This suggests that top-down signals from the frontal executive system alter the priority map that guides attention and eye movements. With this in mind, we have developed a novel visual search paradigm with many identical distractors and an evaluation model that assesses multiple parameters of working memory. The model incorporated memory capacity, memory decay, and utility rate, and when applied to data obtained from experimental animals, these parameters could be reliably evaluated. Furthermore, using the behavioral paradigm and model, we found that systemic administration of subanesthetic dose of ketamine decreased utility rate and memory capacity, while nicotine administration increased utility rate. Since our behavioral paradigm does not require complex instruction, it can be applied to a variety of patients in future clinical studies.


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電子版ISSN 1344-8129 印刷版ISSN 1881-6096 医学書院

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