ヒトの視覚野の区分と症候

Brodmann Areas 17, 18, and 19 in the Human Brain: An Overview

ヒトの17，18，19野は，後頭葉に位置する視覚皮質で，それぞれ固有の視野局在区分を持つ。特に19野は，対側視野の半分あるいは全体を表現する多数の領野と，機能的に異なるいくつかの領野に区分されており，さらに細胞構築学的に異なる9個の領野が区別されている。多数が明らかにされている後頭葉の線維結合の起始部・終止部の詳細は明らかではない。後頭葉の損傷によりさまざまなタイプの視野欠損，幻視，視覚性失認などが起こる。

Abstract

Brodmann areas 17, 18, and 19 in the human brain are visual cortices of the occipital lobe. Each area has its own retinotopic representations, particulary area 19, which has many small retinotopic areas representing half or all of the contralateral visual field, several functional areas, and nine cytoarchitectonic areas. Several fasciculi are known as occipital fiber connections, but their precise endpoints are not clear. Lesions in the visual cortices cause several visual disorders including visual field defect, visual hallucinations, metamorphopsia, and different kinds of visual agnosia.