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各段階の特発性黄斑円孔14例14眼に対し硝子体手術を行い,黄斑上の膜剥離を積極的に行った。その結果,14眼中13眼(93%)に変視症の改善が認められ,視力悪化例はなかった。全層黄斑円孔の11眼においては,2段階以上の視力改善率はstage 2で83%(5/6),stage 3で75%(3/4),stage 4で0%(0/1)であり,stage 2と3における視力不変例は黄斑上の膜剥離が不完全な例であった。術後視力0.4以上を得たのはstage 2では100%(6/6),stage 3では25%(1/4),stage 4では0%(0/1)であり,早期例ほど良好な術後視力が得られ,stage 2は硝子体手術の最も良い適応時期と考えられた。黄斑円孔に対する治療方針として,手術操作においては黄斑上の膜剥離が重要と考えられた。
We performed vitrectomy with removal of epiretinal membrane in 14 eyes with impending or full-thickness idiopathic macular hole. Metamorphopsia diminished in 13 eyes, 93%. No eye showed decreased visual acuity. In full-thickness macular holes, visual acuity improved in 5 of 6 eyes with stage II, in 3 of 4 eyes with stage III and in none of 1 eye with stage IV macular hole. Visual acuity remained unchanged in 2 eyes with stage II to III hole after insufficient removal of prefoveal membrane. Postoperative visual acuity was 0.4 or better in all 6 eyes with stage II, in 1 of 4 eyes with stage III and in none with stage IV hole. The postoperative vision was better in earlier-stage full-thickness holes. The findings show that stage II macular hole responds most favorably to surgery and that removal of prefoveal membrane is imperative for better visual outcome.
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