先天性味涙症候群について

Congenital Gusto-lacrimal Syndrome

I．緒言

　味涙反射（gusto-lacrimal reflex）とは，食事のときに涙液分泌増加の起こる背理性の反射で，別名「わにの涙症候群」（the syndrome ofcrocodile tears）と呼称されている。この反射は，1913年Oppenheim, Engelenによつて最初に注目され，1924年，Bingがgusto-lacrimalrefiex （略称g．l．r．）なる名称を用いた。

　1928年Bogoradは，本反射について詳細な報告をなし，the syndrome of cro—codile tearsなる名称を用い，今日，この両者が使用されているが，名称としては，gusto-lacrimal re—flexが適当とされている。

Four cases are reported in whom bilateral in-sufficiency of abduction of congenital origin was associated with enhanced gusto-lacrimal reflex. Both sexes were involved, of ages ranging from 3 to 5 years at the time of examination. The condi-tion was accompanied by congenital defects as deafness or external ear anomaly in two cases. Electromyographic studies conducted in one case indicated that abnormal innervation to the ho-rizontal muscles of supranuclear nature was primarily responsible for the clinically observed oculomotor anomaly.