左右片麻痺患者におけるBenton視覚記銘検査について—左右半球損傷，視野異常の有無，脳波異常の程度，他の心理検査との相関の検討

A COMPARISON OF BENTON VISUAL RETENTION TEST ON RIGHT AND LEFT HEMIPLEGIC PATIENTS

I．はじめに

　われわれは大脳半球機能を検討するため，種々の心理検査（WAIS,Bender-Gestalt検査，Benton視覚記銘検査，Tokenテスト，Kohs立方体テスト）を左右片マヒ患者に施行した。今回はBenton視覚記銘検査（Ben—tonテスト）について報告する。

　Bentonテストは，視運動性検査として，Bender-Ges—talt検査，Kohs立方体テストと類似しているが，記銘条件が加味される点で特異的であり，誤謬の内容が「省略」「回転」「ゆがみ」など6種の下位テストを有し，これらの誤謬を左側，右側の図形重と分けて観察できるなど，脳器質的疾患患者を質的に観察するのに極めて有意義と思われる。なぜならば，脳器質的疾患を左右半球損傷に限つてみると，彼らの左右視野の情報に対する反応の仕方は臨床的にも異なり，たとえば右半球損傷者は左視野に対しては「半側空間失認」で，右視野に対し異なつた態度がみられるからである。

This study investigated the relationship of Benton Visual Retention Test (Benton test) (Administration A, Form I) and brain organic patients. The special attention was paid to the following groups.

1) The right (n=60) and the left (n=48) hemi-plegic groups.

2) The subjects with (right hemiplegic 6, left hemiplegic 4) and without (right hemiplegic 40, left hemiplegic 30) visual field defect.

3) Larger and smaller cortical lesions determined by EEG (occasional delta wave 19, frequent delta wave 29, almost continuous focal delta wave 23).

4) The mutual relationship between Benton test and the other psychometrical test; WAIS, Kohs cube test, Token test and Bender-Gestalt test.

Results

1) The group of left hemiplegic patients per-formed poorly than the group of right hemiplegic patients. The left hemiplegics obtained significantly higher means score on the rotation, the misplace-ment, and the left placed figure, and the righthemiplegics obtained on the perseveration. Exa-mining the numbers of the error responses on the right figure and on the left figure in Benton test, the number of error responses on the right figure of the left hemiplegics obtained significantly higher mean score on the distortion the left figure of the left hemiplegics on the omission and the rotation, and the right figure of the right hemiplegics on the various errors. The number of error responses on the left figure of the right hemiplegic is the least in four groups.

2) The means score of the subjects with visual field defect was worse as compared to that of the subjects without visual field defect.

3) By the EEG findings, subjects was devided into3 groups; the subjects with occasional, frequent and almost continuous focal delta waves. The worse score in Benton test was seen in the group with continuous focal delta waves in EEG. Thebetter was the group with frequent and with oc-casional focal delta waves.

4) According to the mutual relationship between Benton test and the other psychometrical tests, the number of correct responses in Benton test was found to have significantly high mutual relation to total IQ, and performance score in WAIS, Kohs cube test and Bender-Gestalt test. The number of error resonses in Benton test had significantly high mutual relationship to the performance score in WAIS and Kohs cube test.

We discussed the differences between the right and the left figures in Benton test on the right and the left hemiplegics, the relationship between the cortical lesion determined by EEG and Benton test, and Benton test of the subjects with and without visual field defects.