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米国ジョンズホプキンス大学附属病院(JHH)児童青年精神科病棟と東京都立小児総合医療センターの児童思春期精神科病棟の運用状況およびスタッフ配置を比較検討した。またそれぞれの医療機関における具体的な取り組みについても紹介した。JHH児童青年精神科の平均在院日数は8.4日で,豊富なスタッフ配置の下,危機介入を主とした入院治療が行われていた。対する都立小児総合医療センターでは,米国と比較し少ないスタッフ配置ながら,医療的介入に加え家族関係の調整などのケースワークや,教育機関等の地域資源との連携体制がとられ,平均在院日数は90日前後となっていた。これら相違について,日米の医療保険制度の違いを含め検討し考察を行った。
We compared the facilities and personal distribution between the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Inpatient Unit of the Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH) and the Psychiatry Inpatient Unit of the Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center. In addition, we introduced the therapeutic programs of each site. At JHH, generally patients are hospitalized due to emergency situations, with a mean length of stay of 8.4 days. At the Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Hospital, various interventions including psycho-social interventions (such as family interventions and involvement of schools) as well as medical interventions are practiced, with a mean length of hospitalization of 90 days. We noticed the difference in number of health care professionals (per patient) between these institutions (JHH>Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Hospital). Such disparity could partly be due to the difference of the medical insurance system between United States and Japan.
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