統合失調症患者における属性要因と認知機能の関連性—入院患者と入院歴のある外来患者についての調査

The Relationship Between Demographics and Neurocognitive Functions in Patients with Schizophrenia

抄録

　統合失調症患者の属性要因と認知機能との関連性の特徴を，外来患者と入院患者で比較し，その異同を検討した。

　入院歴のある外来患者(以降外来群)60名と入院患者(以降入院群)66名を対象に，属性要因の調査と，Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)による精神症状の調査，Cog Healthによる認知機能の調査をした。

　両群とも，健常者より注意分散の反応速度が遅延し，また罹病期間と作動記憶の正確さが負の相関を示した。注意分散の反応速度は，入院群は罹病期間や入院期間と負の相関をしたが，外来群では属性要因と関連しなかった。

　罹病期間とともに作動記憶の正確さが低下することと，注意分散の反応速度の遅延が，統合失調症の特徴であり，また入院患者は作動記憶や注意分散が低下しやすいと考えられた。

　The present study investigated whether the relationship between demographics and neurocognitive functions differs among outpatients and inpatients with schizophrenia.

　Outpatients had had hospitalized(n＝60)and inpatients(n＝66)were investigated demographics. We assessed their psychopathological symptoms using the PANSS and neurocognitive functions using the Cog Health software.

　The both groups had slower reaction times of spatial attention than normative date. In addition, both groups showed an association between duration of illness and accuracy on working memory tests. Although inpatients group showed relationships between the duration of illness and reaction time of spatial attention and between the hospitalization and reaction time of spatial attention, the outpatient group did not show such a relationship.

　Patients with schizophrenia seemed to be characterized by delayed reaction times in spatial attention tasks and worsening of accuracy on working memory tasks according to the duration of illness. Hospitalized patients tended to perform worse on working memory and spatial attention tasks.