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左上大静脈遺残(以下PLSVCと略す)は血行動態的異常ではあるが,通常それ自体によって心機能障害の生ずることはない。しかし,しばしば先天性心疾患に合併し,開心術が必要な症例では,静脈血の異常還流に対する処置が問題となる。従来より,先天性心疾患の手術に際して合併したPLSVCの処理法については多くの報告があり,脱血管の挿入1),単純遮断2),間歇的遮断3)などが行われてきたが,後天性心疾患についての報告は少ない。
当教室では後天性弁膜疾患である大動脈弁閉鎖不全症患者にPLSVC冠静脈洞開口の合併を術前に診断し,開心術中にバルーン付き脱血管を冠静脈洞に挿入することで安定した体外循環を行い,人工弁による大動脈弁置換術に成功した1例を経験したので,若干の文献的考察を加えて報告する。
Reports concerning surgical management of persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) in pa-tients suffering from acquired heart disease have been very limited, although simple clamping, in-termittent clamping or cannulation has been report-ed in PLSVC patients with other congenital heart disease.
Successful valve replacement surgery by the Björk-Shiley prosthesis was performed in a 58-year-old female suffering from aortic valve regurgitation associated with PLSVC (no major communications between the right and the left SVC). Venous blood return was effectively obtained by a balloon cathe-ter inserted into the PLSVC via the coronary sinus in the right atrium, during total cardio-pulmonary bypass. To minimize the risk of complications follow-ing surgery, drainage of venous blood from the PLSVC is more natural than simple or intermittent clamping of the PLSVC, and should be recom-mended especially in aged patients with acquired valvular disease.
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