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Histopathological Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Minako Fujiwara 1 , Yosiaki Taniguchi 2 , Yuki Tateishi 2 1Department of Pathology, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan 2Department of Anatomic Pathology, Pathological Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan Keyword: 炎症性腸疾患 , 潰瘍性大腸炎 , Crohn病 , 肉眼像 , 組織像 pp.1379-1389
Published Date 2024/10/25
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1403203736
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 Inflammatory bowel disease presents a variety of macroscopic features due to the accumulation of diverse histological characteristics. Therefore, understanding the histological characteristics corresponding to the macroscopic features is necessary for the pathological diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease. The basic macroscopic features of ulcerative colitis include(1) diffuse brownish mucosa, (2) irregularly granular mucosa, (3) multiple erosions and small ulcers, and(4) pseudopolyposis. The corresponding histological features are:(1) diffuse chronic active inflammation with basal plasmacytosis, (2) crypt abscess with destruction of the crypt base, (3) groove-like mucosal defects, and(4) multiple ulcers and island-like residual mucosa. The basic macroscopic features of Crohn's disease include(1) aphthae, (2) small and geographic ulcers, (3) longitudinal ulcers on the mesenteric side of the small intestine/longitudinal ulcers on the colonic tenias, and(4) cobblestone appearance/inflammatory polyposis. The basic histology of Crohn's disease is transmural inflammation with lymphoid aggregates, accompanied by non-caseous epithelioid cell granulomas, and the histological features corresponding to the macroscopic features include(1) active inflammation on the lymphoid follicles around the muscularis mucosa, (2) localized severe inflammation and fissuring ulcers resulting from mucosal destruction, (3) longitudinal ulcers, and(4) multifocal islands of residual mucosa with irregular and discontinuous ulceration. The presence of diffuse and dense chronic inflammation with crypt distortion and basal plasmacytosis is the key to the pathological diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease based on biopsy specimens, while for Crohn's disease, assessment of patchy or disproportionate distribution of inflammation and granulomas is important.


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電子版ISSN 1882-1219 印刷版ISSN 0536-2180 医学書院

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