炎症性腸疾患における血清学的バイオマーカー診断の現状

Diagnosis with Serological Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

要旨●近年，抗インテグリンαvβ6抗体および抗EPCR抗体という潰瘍性大腸炎の診断に有用な2つの血清学的バイオマーカーが日本から報告された．いずれも潰瘍性大腸炎に対して高い感度・特異度を示す他，欧米人でも同様の相関が確認され，臨床応用へ向けた取り組みが進められている．分類不能腸炎ではこれら2つの抗体が示す陽性・陰性のパターンが症例によって異なり，各症例の病態把握や治療選択に役立つ可能性がある．このように，新たな血清学的バイオマーカーは多彩な病態を示す炎症性腸疾患患者の層別化や個別化医療の実践，新規治療開発につながる可能性があり，今後のさらなる研究開発が期待される．

　Recently, anti-endothelial protein C receptor and anti-integrin αvβ6 antibodies were discovered in Japan as two serological biomarkers for diagnosing ulcerative colitis. Both have a high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing ulcerative colitis, and similar associations have been confirmed in patients from the United States and Europe. Additionally, clinical trials are currently being planned. Furthermore, the two antibodies in patients with IBD（inflammatory bowel disease）unclassified reveal different positive/negative patterns in different cases, which may help in understanding each case's pathophysiology and treatment selection. Thus, new serological biomarkers may lead to the stratification of patients with IBD with various pathologies, the practice of personalized medicine, and the development of new therapies. Additionally, further research and development are expected in the future.