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要旨●目的:超微小胃癌(1mm以下)を微小胃癌(1mmより大きく5mm以下)および非微小胃癌(5mmより大きい癌)と比較した.対象と方法:超微小胃癌24例と微小胃癌35例および非微小胃癌101例を対象に臨床病理学的事項と免疫組織化学的に粘液形質(MUC5AC,MUC6,MUC2,CD10),CDX2,p53,βカテニン,MLH-1発現状態を検討した.結果:超微小胃癌はp53過剰発現が有意に多く,βカテニン核内蓄積は非微小胃癌で多いが,MLH-1発現状態は3群で差はなかった.結論:超微小胃癌はp53経路の異常において内視鏡的切除される1mmより大きい癌とは異なる性質を示していた.Wntシグナル系は癌の発育に伴い異常が蓄積し,ミスマッチ修復遺伝子は癌発生の比較的初期の段階で異常を来す可能性が示唆された.
Background and aims:This study aimed to clarify the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of SMCs(super-minute gastric cancers)(diameter, ≦1mm)as the earliest gastric cancer that can be investigated.
Material and methods:Twenty-four SMC lesions and 35 MC(minute gastric cancer)lesions(diameter, >1mm and ≦5mm, respectively)as well as 101 NMC(non-minute gastric cancer)lesions(diameter, >5mm)resected by endoscopy were examined. We investigated their clinicopathological characteristics and performed immunohistochemical analyses to assess mucin phenotype, CDX2, p53, beta-catenin, and MLH-1.
Results:Immunohistochemically, most SMCs demonstrated significant overexpression of p53. Contrarily, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin was statistically significant in NMCs. Loss of MHL-1 expression was not statistically significant among the three groups.
Conclusions:SMCs may differ from MCs and NMCs in terms of an abnormal p53 pathway. Moreover, aberrations in the Wnt pathway are accumulated during tumor progression, and abnormalities of mismatch repair genes occur in the early phase of cancer development.
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