慢性胃炎の組織分類―その歴史的変遷

Histological Classification of Chronic Gastritis, Focusedon Its Historical Transition

要旨　慢性胃炎の病理学的研究および組織学的分類の歴史的変遷について概略した．慢性胃炎の研究は，第Ⅰ期：1940年代までのドイツ学派を中心とした，胃炎の形態的成り立ちの研究，第Ⅱ期：内視鏡所見との整合性を求め，初期の慢性胃炎の組織学的分類が行われた時期，第Ⅲ期：胃炎のaetiologyとtopographyを含めた分類と考え方が成立した時期，第Ⅳ期：Helicobacter Pyloriが同定され，その感染と胃炎との関係が論じられるようになった時期，に分けられる．そして，各時期の代表的な慢性胃炎に対する病理学的な考え方とその分類について述べた．その中で，わが国においても慢性胃炎の重要な病理学的研究があったことを忘れてはならない．

　The historical transition of the pathological studies and histological classifications of chronic gastritis were briefly summarized. The history of a study on chronic gastritis was classified as following four stages: 1st preiod; the morphological development of chronic gastritis was mainly studied by the German School before 1940's, 2nd period; early stage of histological investigation of chronic gastritis being focused on consistency with endoscopic examination; 3rd period; the classification of gastritis was developed from the aetiological and topographical viewpoints, 4th period; after the identification of Helicobactor pytori, relationship between its infection and gastritis has been discussed. The typical pathological viewpoints on the chronic gastritis in each period in relationto the classification were mentioned. We should not forget that there were important pathological studies on chronic gastritis in Japan.