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要約 目的:フウセントウワタ(風船唐綿)の茎汁の眼への飛入が原因と考えられた角膜内皮障害の症例を経験したので報告する。
症例:80歳台,女性。右視力の急激な低下と異物感を自覚し近医眼科を受診した。原因不明の右角膜混濁にて鶴岡市立荘内病院へ紹介され受診となった。右眼の視力は0.05(矯正不能),眼圧は12.0mmHgであった。細隙灯顕微鏡検査にて右眼の角膜上皮および実質浮腫,デスメ膜皺襞を認め,フルオレセイン染色にて点状表層角膜症を認めた。右眼の中心部角膜厚は835μmであった。問診にて,発症直前までフウセントウワタの手入れをしており,茎汁が目に入った可能性があることが判明し,フウセントウワタの茎汁による角膜内皮障害と診断した。ステロイド点眼を処方し,1週間後には右眼の角膜浮腫は軽減し,視力は(0.8),中心部角膜厚は571μmへと改善した。
結論:フウセントウワタの茎汁には細胞膜のNa-K-ATPaseを阻害するカルデノライドが含まれており,角膜内皮障害をきたした症例は以前から報告されている。原因不明の角膜内皮障害や角膜浮腫に遭遇した際には,フウセントウワタなどの植物の栽培の有無について問診することも重要であると考える。
Abstract Purpose:We report a case of corneal endothelial damage thought to be caused by balloon cotton stem juice entering the eye.
Case:An 80-year-old woman experienced sudden vision loss and a foreign body sensation and visited a local ophthalmologist. She was referred to Tsuruoka Municipal Shonai Hospital because of unexplained right eye corneal opacity. Right eye visual acuity was 0.05(uncorrectable), and intraocular pressure was 12.0 mmHg. Slit-lamp microscopy revealed corneal epithelial and stromal edema as well as Descemet's membrane wrinkling in the right eye. Fluorescein staining revealed punctate superficial keratopathy. The central corneal thickness of the right eye was 835 μm. During the medical interview, it was revealed that the patient had been tending to Fucus vesiculosus plants immediately before the onset of symptoms, and it was possible that the stem juice had entered the eye. Corneal endothelial damage caused by the Fucus vesiculosus stem juice was diagnosed. Steroid eye drops were prescribed, and after one week, the corneal edema in the right eye had improved, with visual acuity improving to 0.8 and the central corneal thickness improving to 571 μm.
Conclusion:Gomphocarpus physocarpus stem juice contains cardenolides, which inhibit cellular Na-K-ATPase, and cases of corneal endothelial damage caused by this have been reported previously. When encountering cases of unexplained corneal endothelial damage or corneal edema, it is important to inquire about the cultivation of plants such as Gomphocarpus physocarpus during the medical history interview.

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